Legal Certainty of State Land as an Object of Waqf
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.55173/yurisdiksi.v22i3.390Keywords:
Keywords : Legal Certainty, State Land, Land Waqf, State Control Rights, Waqf Pledge Deed.Abstract
This research aims to critically analyze the legal certainty of state land as a waqf object within the Indonesian legal system, particularly regarding the legal position of the state as the holder of the right to control land and the validity of the Waqf Pledge Deed over state-controlled land. This study employs a normative legal research method using statutory and conceptual approaches. The legal materials consist of primary legal sources in the form of agrarian and waqf-related legislation, secondary legal sources including books, journals, and expert opinions, and tertiary legal materials supporting the analysis. The findings demonstrate that the state does not possess legal standing as a waqif because the state’s right to control land constitutes a public authority to regulate and administer land rather than a proprietary right within private law. Consequently, state land cannot directly become an object of waqf without the prior granting of land rights. Furthermore, the validity of a Waqf Pledge Deed concerning state land is highly dependent on the legal status of the land. Such a deed may be deemed invalid if it is established over pure state land that has not been subject to specific land rights, as it fails to fulfill the ownership requirement of the waqif. The novelty of this research lies in its analysis of the normative conflict between agrarian law and waqf law concerning the legality of state land as a waqf object, as well as in clarifying the limits of state authority in land waqf practices in Indonesia.
References
Anas Prihadi, M., et al. (2023). State land waqf from the perspectives of agrarian law and Islamic law. Jurnal Hukum dan Kenotariatan, 7(2), 145–160.
Az-Zuhaili, W. (2020). Al-fiqh al-Islami wa adillatuhu. Damascus: Dar al-Fikr.
Faztin, M. (2022). The development of waqf practices in Indonesia from the perspective of Islamic law. Jurnal Ekonomi Syariah, 10(1), 55–68.
Hadjon, P. M. (2022). Introduction to Indonesian Administrative Law. Yogyakarta: Gadjah Mada University Press.
Hukum Agraria Indonesia: Sejarah Pembentukan Undang-Undang Pokok Agraria, Isi dan Pelaksanaannya. (2007). Indonesian Agrarian Law: The History of the Formation of the Basic Agrarian Law, Its Substance and Implementation. Jakarta: Djambatan.
Herlindah, H., Supriyadi, S., & Alfareza, M. F. (2025). Legal certainty of state land as waqf objects within the Indonesian legal system. Jurnal Hukum Agraria dan Wakaf, 3(1), 1–15.
Idrus, M. (2020). Registration of waqf land as a form of legal certainty over land rights. Jurnal Pertanahan Nasional, 5(2), 89–102.
Jamilullah, A. (2023). The legality of state land waqf under national agrarian law. Jurnal Ius Constituendum, 8(1), 77–91.
Mufarochah, S., & Wirdyaningsih, W. (2022). The validity of waqf pledge deeds concerning state land from the perspective of Indonesian positive law. Jurnal Al-Ahkam, 17(2), 201–219.
Musyaf, A. (2025). Waqf as an instrument of social welfare in Islamic law and national law. Jurnal Hukum Islam dan Filantropi, 4(1), 11–25.
Nasihuddin, M. (2024). Norm conflicts between waqf law and agrarian law regarding the status of state land. Jurnal Rechtsvinding, 13(1), 66–81.
Santoso, U. (2021). Agrarian Law: A Comprehensive Study. Jakarta: Kencana.
Soemardjono, M. S. W. (2001). Land Policy Between Regulation and Implementation. Jakarta: Kompas.
Sumardjono, M. S. W. (2020). The Dynamics of the Regulation of the State’s Right to Control in Indonesian Agrarian Law. Yogyakarta: Gadjah Mada University Press.
Wiradi, G. (2021). Agrarian Reform and Land Control in Indonesia. Bandung: Akatiga.
The 1945 Constitution of the Republic of Indonesia.
Law Number 5 of 1960 concerning Basic Agrarian Principles Regulations.
Law Number 41 of 2004 concerning Waqf.
Government Regulation Number 42 of 2006 concerning the Implementation of Law Number 41 of 2004 concerning Waqf.
Regulation of the Minister of Agrarian Affairs and Spatial Planning/Head of the National Land Agency Number 2 of 2017 concerning Procedures for the Registration of Waqf Land.
Regulation of the Minister of Religious Affairs Number 73 of 2013 concerning Procedures for the Endowment of Immovable Property and Movable Property Other Than Money.
Downloads
Published
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2026 Muhammad Ferdynan Alfareza, Herlindah, Supriyadi
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
